The Gell-Mann–Nishijima Formula

The Gell-Mann–Nishijima formula relates certain quantum numbers in particle physics to help classify subatomic particles. It connects the particle’s electric charge (Q) with its "isospin" (I₃) and "strangeness" (S), through the equation: Q = I₃ + (S + possible other terms)/2. Think of it as a way to organize and predict the properties of particles like protons and neutrons based on their internal characteristics. This formula was crucial in understanding the structure of particles made up of quarks and has helped develop the Standard Model of physics.