The Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse (Gottman)

The Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse, as identified by psychologist John Gottman, are four negative communication patterns that predict relationship failure. They are Criticism (attacking a partner’s character), Contempt (disrespect or mocking), Defensiveness (justifying or denying responsibility), and Stonewalling (withdrawal or silent treatment). These behaviors erode trust and intimacy, making it difficult for couples to resolve conflicts healthily. Recognizing and addressing these patterns can help improve communication and strengthen relationships, fostering understanding and connection rather than division.