The Four Color Theorem

The Four Color Theorem states that any map can be colored using only four colors in such a way that no two adjacent regions share the same color. This means you can always assign colors to countries, states, or districts to distinguish neighboring areas without confusion, no matter how complex the map. The theorem was proven mathematically in the 1970s with the help of computers, confirming that four colors suffice for such coloring. It highlights an elegant solution to a widespread problem in geography, cartography, and graph theory, showing that complexity can be managed with a surprisingly small number of options.