The Flame Test

The flame test is a simple method used to identify the presence of specific metal ions in a substance. When a sample containing metals is heated in a flame, the energy causes the metal ions' electrons to jump to higher energy levels. As they return to their normal state, they release light with characteristic colors—for example, sodium produces a bright yellow, copper green, and lithium crimson. By observing these colors, scientists can determine which metals are in the sample. It’s a useful, visual technique often used in laboratories for quick qualitative analysis of metal compounds.