the Fennoscandian Ice Sheet

The Fennoscandian Ice Sheet was a massive glacier during the last Ice Age, covering much of northern Europe, including Scandinavia, Finland, northwestern Russia, and parts of the Baltic Sea. It was part of the larger Eurasian Ice Sheet complex and shaped the landscape through erosion and deposition, forming valleys, fjords, and lakes. During its maximum around 20,000 years ago, it was hundreds of meters thick. As global temperatures rose, the ice melted, creating the geography we see today in Scandinavia. Its history is key to understanding the region’s geology, climate shifts, and post-glacial development.