The Federation Council

The Federation Council is the upper chamber of Russia's Federal Assembly, serving as the country's legislative upper house. It represents Russia’s regions—such as republics, territories, and federal cities—ensuring regional interests are considered in national legislation. Members are appointed by regional authorities and serve six-year terms, with half elected every three years. The Council’s responsibilities include reviewing and approving laws passed by the lower house, the State Duma, as well as overseeing certain government actions, ratifying international treaties, and confirming presidential appointments. Its role is to balance regional concerns with federal legislation, fostering a cooperative legislative process.