The Federalist No. 51

The Federalist No. 51, written by James Madison, explains how the structure of the U.S. government prevents any one group from becoming too powerful. It emphasizes the importance of checks and balances—each branch (legislative, executive, judicial) can limit the others. Additionally, it highlights the role of federalism, where power is shared between national and state governments, and that ambition must be countered by ambition. This design aims to protect individual rights and maintain a fair, balanced government by ensuring that no single faction or branch dominates.