The Factor of Safety Theory

The Factor of Safety (FoS) theory is a measure used in engineering to ensure structures or components can withstand loads safely. It is the ratio of the maximum load a structure can handle to the actual expected load during use. For example, if a beam has an FoS of 2, it means it can bear twice the anticipated load without failing, providing a margin of safety. This helps engineers prevent failures due to unforeseen stresses, material imperfections, or future load increases, ensuring reliability and safety throughout the lifespan of the structure.