The Evolution of the Earth

The Earth's evolution began about 4.5 billion years ago when it formed from dust and gas in the solar system. It was initially molten, but over time cooled and solidified, creating a crust. Volcanoes, tectonic movements, and the formation of oceans and atmospheres shaped its surface. Around 3.5 billion years ago, simple life appeared in the oceans. Continual changes, including ice ages and continental shifts, have transformed Earth into a diverse planet with ecosystems and landforms. This ongoing process of geological and biological change continues today, driven by the Earth's internal heat and surface dynamics.