The Erdos–Renyi model

The Erdős–Rényi model is a way to understand how networks form, by starting with a set of nodes (points) and connecting each pair with a certain probability. Imagine randomly drawing lines between many dots, where each possible line has an independent chance of appearing. This creates a network whose structure depends on the connection probability, helping researchers study properties like connectivity and the emergence of large groups. It's a fundamental concept in understanding how complex networks—like social connections or communication systems—can develop from simple random processes.