The Dynamo Theory

The Dynamo Theory explains how Earth's magnetic field is generated by the movement of its liquid iron outer core. As this molten metal flows, it creates electric currents. These currents produce a magnetic field, similar to how a moving electric charge generates magnetism. The Earth's rotation and convective motions in the outer core sustain these currents, maintaining the planet's magnetic shield. This magnetic field protects us from harmful solar radiation and helps compass navigation. Essentially, Earth's magnetic field is like a giant bar magnet created deep inside by the continuous movement of molten metal.