The Doughnut Model (theory)

The Doughnut Model is a vision for sustainable development that balances human needs and planetary health. Imagine a doughnut-shaped diagram: the inner ring represents essential social foundations like healthcare, education, and income—everyone should have access to these. The outer ring symbolizes Earth's ecological limits, such as climate stability and biodiversity—these must not be exceeded. The safe and just space lies between these rings, ensuring all people can thrive without harming the environment. The model aims for a balanced approach where social well-being and ecological sustainability are achieved together.