The Doughnut Model

The Doughnut Model, developed by economist Kate Raworth, visualizes a safe and just space for humanity within two concentric circles. The inner circle represents the essential social foundations needed for well-being, like healthcare and education. The outer circle symbolizes the ecological ceiling, beyond which environmental harm occurs, such as climate change and resource depletion. The goal is to thrive in the space between these circles, ensuring everyone’s basic needs are met without overshooting the planet's ecological limits. This model promotes sustainable development that balances human needs with environmental health.