The Book of Optics (by Ibn al-Haytham)

The Book of Optics by Ibn al-Haytham is a pioneering scientific work that explores how vision works. He studied light, eye anatomy, and how images form, challenging earlier ideas that vision involved rays emitted from the eyes. Instead, he proposed that light enters the eye from external sources, allowing us to see. His experiments with lenses and cameras laid the foundation for modern optics and understanding phenomena like refraction and reflection. The book significantly advanced scientific methods, emphasizing careful observation and experimentation, and remains a cornerstone in the study of optics and visual perception.