The Biota of Marine Coastal Systems

The biota of marine coastal systems includes all living organisms, from microscopic plankton to large fish, seaweeds, and invertebrates. These diverse creatures thrive in nutrient-rich areas where land meets the ocean, such as beaches, estuaries, and coral reefs. They play vital roles in maintaining ecological balance, supporting food webs, and providing resources for humans. Coastal biota are influenced by factors like water quality, temperature, and human activity, making these environments dynamic and essential for overall marine health.