The Biosphere

The biosphere is the global sum of all ecosystems, encompassing all living organisms and their physical environments. It includes land, water, and atmosphere where life exists, from deep oceans and mountain tops to soil and air. The biosphere functions as a dynamic system where energy flows and nutrients cycle through living beings and their surroundings, supporting life’s diversity and balance. It is essential for maintaining Earth's climate, air quality, and resource availability, making it a vital component of the planet's overall health and sustainability.