The ATM gene

The ATM gene provides instructions for making a protein called ataxia-telangiectasia mutated, which plays a vital role in detecting and repairing DNA damage in cells. When DNA is damaged, ATM activates other proteins that pause cell division and initiate repair processes, helping prevent mutations that could lead to cancer. Mutations in the ATM gene can impair this repair system, increasing the risk of developing conditions like ataxia-telangiectasia—a disorder characterized by neurological issues and immune problems—and certain cancers. Essentially, the ATM gene acts as a cellular security sensor, maintaining DNA integrity and supporting healthy cell function.