The American Civil War

The American Civil War (1861-1865) was a conflict between the Northern states (Union) and the Southern states (Confederacy) primarily over issues of slavery and states' rights. Tensions escalated after Abraham Lincoln's election, leading Southern states to secede from the Union. Key battles, such as Gettysburg and Antietam, marked the war, which saw immense loss of life. The conflict ultimately aimed to preserve the Union and resulted in the abolition of slavery with the 13th Amendment. The war fundamentally reshaped the United States, impacting its economy, society, and governance, and set the stage for future civil rights movements.