The 3Rs

The 3Rs refer to principles aimed at making scientific research, especially involving animals, more ethical and sustainable. They stand for Replacement, Reduction, and Refinement. Replacement encourages using alternative methods instead of animals whenever possible. Reduction emphasizes minimizing the number of animals used in experiments. Refinement involves modifying procedures to cause less pain and distress. Together, these principles promote responsible research practices, ensuring scientific progress is balanced with compassion and animal welfare.