Terrestrial Ecosystem Models

Terrestrial Ecosystem Models (also called land surface or Earth system models) are computer simulations that help scientists understand how land-based ecosystems—like forests, grasslands, and crops—interact with climate, soil, and water. They track processes such as plant growth, soil carbon storage, nutrient cycling, and energy exchange with the atmosphere. By modeling these interactions, they allow us to predict how ecosystems respond to changes like climate warming, deforestation, or pollution. These models provide valuable insights for managing natural resources and addressing environmental challenges.