TDRSS (Tracking and Data Relay Satellite System)

The Tracking and Data Relay Satellite System (TDRSS) is a network of orbiting satellites that provides continuous communication between NASA's spacecraft and ground stations on Earth. Positioned in geostationary orbits, these satellites relay data—such as science information, telemetry, and commands—enabling real-time tracking and communication even when spacecraft are out of direct line-of-sight with ground stations. TDRSS ensures reliable, high-speed data transfer crucial for space missions, satellite operations, and scientific research, effectively acting as an advanced communication backbone that keeps space agencies connected with their spacecraft across the solar system.