Targum

A Targum is an ancient translation of the Hebrew Bible into Aramaic, which was the common language of Jewish communities during the Second Temple period. These translations were more than just word-for-word conversions; they often included explanations, elaborations, and interpretations to help listeners better understand the text in their everyday language and cultural context. Targums served as both translations and interpretive texts, making sacred scriptures accessible to people who didn’t understand Hebrew well. They played a significant role in Jewish worship, study, and preserving religious traditions.