tank cycling

Tank cycling is a process used in aquariums to establish and maintain healthy beneficial bacteria in the filtration system. When a new tank is set up, these bacteria need time to grow and break down harmful waste produced by fish. During cycling, ammonia (from fish waste or added foods) is converted into nitrites, and then into less toxic nitrates. Monitoring ammonia, nitrites, and nitrates helps determine when the tank has developed a sufficient biological filter. Once these levels stabilize, the tank is considered cycled, creating a safe environment for fish.