synthesis of evolutionary theory

The synthesis of evolutionary theory, often called the Modern Synthesis, combines Darwin's idea of natural selection with genetics. It explains how populations change over generations as beneficial genes become more common. Genetic variations arise randomly, and those suited to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce. Over time, these small changes accumulate, leading to the diversity of life we see today. This unified framework helps us understand both how species evolve and how traits are inherited, providing a comprehensive explanation of biological evolution based on evidence from fossils, genetics, and observations.