Swarming Models

Swarming models are mathematical frameworks that describe how groups of agents—like birds, insects, or robots—move and coordinate collectively without central control. They analyze how individual behaviors and simple rules lead to complex, coordinated group dynamics such as flocking, schooling, or swarming. These models help us understand natural phenomena and design coordinated systems, enabling predictions of group movement patterns, improving autonomous drone coordination, or managing crowd behavior. Essentially, they show how simple rules at the individual level can produce organized, collective behavior at the group level.