surname

A surname is a family name shared by members of the same family, passed down from earlier generations. It helps identify individuals as part of a particular lineage or group, often indicating family heritage, origin, or social status. Surnames are typically inherited from parents and are used alongside given names to distinguish people in society, official records, and documents. They can provide insights into cultural background, ancestry, or historical occupation. In many cultures, surnames are a vital part of personal identity, linking individuals to their family history.