Surface properties

Surface properties refer to characteristics of a material's outermost layer that influence how it interacts with its environment. These include attributes like smoothness or roughness, how well the surface attracts or repels liquids (wettability), electrical charge, adhesion, and resistance to wear or corrosion. These properties determine behaviors such as how easily a surface can be cleaned, how it bonds with other materials, or how it resists damage. Understanding surface properties is essential in fields like manufacturing, medicine, and coatings, as they impact performance, durability, and safety of products and materials.