sunspot groups

Sunspot groups are clusters of dark, cooler areas on the Sun's surface caused by intense magnetic activity. These magnetic fields inhibit heat flow, making these regions appear darker than their surroundings. Sunspots often occur in groups, reflecting complex magnetic interactions, and can last from days to weeks. They are associated with solar phenomena like solar flares and prominences, impacting space weather and sometimes affecting Earth's communication and power systems. Observing sunspot groups helps scientists understand the Sun's magnetic cycles and predict solar activity, which is crucial for preparing for solar-related disruptions.