Sundaland

Sundaland is the submerged landmass that once connected parts of Southeast Asia, including present-day Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, and surrounding areas, during the last Ice Age when sea levels were lower. During that time, much of the region was above water, forming large land areas that supported diverse ecosystems and early human populations. As global temperatures rose and ice melted around 10,000 years ago, sea levels increased, submerging much of Sundaland and creating the current archipelago of islands. Today, Sundaland's remnants include the Malaysian Peninsula and the Indonesian islands of Sumatra, Java, and Borneo, which are rich in biodiversity and cultural history.