Sultans of Egypt

The Sultans of Egypt were Muslim rulers who governed Egypt from the 13th to the early 19th century, primarily under the Mamluk and Ottoman dynasties. They held political and military authority, overseeing administration, security, and trade, often originating from slave soldiers who gained power. Their rule shaped Egypt’s culture and infrastructure, with notable rulers expanding territories and fostering arts. The Ottoman Empire eventually integrated Egypt into its empire in the 16th century, with local sultans continuing to exercise significant influence until the formal end of Ottoman rule in the early 19th century.