Sultan (title)

A sultan is a monarch or ruler, especially in Muslim-majority countries, who holds full sovereignty over a territory. The term originates from Arabic and signifies authority, leadership, or power. Historically, sultans governed regions independently or as part of larger empires, combining political, military, and religious duties. The title is comparable to king or emperor but often emphasizes the ruler’s Islamic authority and cultural context. Sultans played a central role in the governance, legal systems, and cultural development of their states, shaping history and society within their domains.