Subsurface Observations

Subsurface observations involve studying what lies beneath the Earth's surface, such as soil, rocks, and groundwater. These observations help scientists and engineers understand underground conditions without intrusive digging, using methods like seismic surveys, ground-penetrating radar, and boreholes. This information is essential for construction, resource extraction, environmental assessment, and hazard prevention, providing insights into stability, composition, and potential risks below the surface. By understanding these hidden layers, we can make informed decisions that ensure safety, sustainable development, and effective management of underground resources.