Substantive editing

Substantive editing involves reviewing and improving the content of a document to enhance clarity, coherence, and overall effectiveness. It includes reorganizing ideas, clarifying arguments, adding or removing sections, and refining language to ensure the message is clear and impactful. Unlike copyediting, which focuses on grammar and style, substantive editing addresses the substance and structure of the material, making sure the content is well-developed and aligned with its purpose. It is an important step to ensure the final document is polished, logical, and effectively communicates its intended message.