SU(2) symmetry

SU(2) symmetry is a mathematical concept used in physics to describe properties that remain unchanged under certain transformations, specifically rotations in a two-dimensional complex space. Think of it as a way to understand how particles, like electrons, can have a "spin" that behaves consistently regardless of how you look at it—similar to how a spinning object looks the same after certain rotations. This symmetry helps physicists understand fundamental forces and particles by revealing the underlying invariances in their behavior, which are crucial for formulating theories like quantum mechanics and particle physics.