Structure of Nuclei

The nucleus is the central core of an atom, containing protons and neutrons. Protons carry a positive charge, while neutrons have no charge. These particles are tightly packed together, held by strong nuclear forces that balance the repulsion between protons. The number of protons determines the element, and neutrons help stabilize the nucleus. Inside, the nucleus is extremely dense, with a size much smaller than the atom itself. This structure is fundamental to the atom's identity, stability, and behavior, influencing everything from chemical reactions to nuclear energy.