strains

Strains refer to specific versions or types of a microorganism, such as bacteria or viruses, that have distinct genetic differences. These variations can affect how they behave, spread, or respond to treatments. For example, different strains of the flu virus may cause slightly different symptoms or immunity responses. Identifying strains helps scientists understand the nature of an outbreak, develop targeted vaccines, and track how a microorganism evolves over time. In short, strains are like different "families" within a species, each with unique characteristics.