Stomata

Stomata are tiny openings on the surface of plant leaves and stems that regulate gas exchange. Each stomate is surrounded by specialized cells called guard cells, which control its opening and closing. This process allows plants to take in carbon dioxide needed for photosynthesis and release oxygen. Additionally, stomata help manage water loss through transpiration, especially in dry conditions. Their function is vital for the plant’s survival and overall health, balancing the need for carbon dioxide intake with water retention, influenced by environmental factors like light, humidity, and temperature.