Stockmayer Model

The Stockmayer model describes how molecules with both dipole moments (positive and negative charges separated within the molecule) and attractive forces (like van der Waals forces) behave and interact. It combines the Lennard-Jones potential, which accounts for van der Waals attraction and repulsion, with dipole-dipole interactions, representing the effect of positive and negative regions within molecules attracting or repelling each other. This model helps scientists understand the phase behavior and properties of polar fluids—substances with molecules that have a permanent dipole—by providing a more complete picture of their intermolecular forces.