Stirling's approximation

Stirling's approximation is a mathematical method used to estimate the value of large factorials (like n!). Calculating factorials directly can be complex for big numbers, so this approximation provides a close estimate quickly. It shows that factorials grow very rapidly and relates them to simpler functions such as exponential and square root functions. Essentially, Stirling's approximation states that for large n, n! is approximately equal to the square root of 2πn multiplied by (n/e) raised to the power of n. This helps in fields like statistics, physics, and computer science where understanding large numbers is essential.