Stereochemical nomenclature

Stereochemical nomenclature is a system used to describe the three-dimensional arrangement of atoms within molecules, especially how certain atoms or groups are oriented in space. It helps distinguish molecules that have the same structural formula but differ in the spatial arrangement, which can affect their properties and behavior. Notations such as "R" and "S" are used to specify the configuration of chiral centers (asymmetric carbons), while "cis" and "trans" describe the relative positions of groups in double bonds or rings. This precise language ensures scientists can accurately communicate and reproduce molecular structures essential in chemistry and related fields.