Stellar physics

Stellar physics studies how stars form, evolve, and die. Stars are massive, self-gravitating spheres of hot, glowing gases—mainly hydrogen and helium—that produce energy through nuclear fusion in their cores. This fusion process converts lighter elements into heavier ones, releasing light and heat that we observe as starlight. Stars' life cycles depend on their mass, influencing their brightness, size, and lifespan—from small, stable dwarfs to massive supergiants that end in spectacular explosions called supernovae. Stellar physics helps us understand these processes, revealing the dynamic nature of stars and their role in the universe's evolution.