steelmaking processes

Steelmaking transforms iron ore into steel through processes that remove impurities and add alloys for strength. The main methods are the blast furnace route, where iron ore is reduced to molten iron, then converted in a basic oxygen furnace to steel; and electric arc furnaces, which melt scrap steel using electricity. These methods allow precise control over the composition, producing various steel types for construction, automotive, and manufacturing. The process involves heating, refining, and alloying to create durable, versatile materials essential to modern life.