std::vector

`std::vector` is a dynamic array in C++ that efficiently manages a collection of elements. It automatically adjusts its size as you add or remove items, providing fast access to elements via their position. Think of it like a resizable list where items are stored in contiguous memory locations, making operations like retrieval and iteration quick. It offers flexibility over static arrays, handling memory management internally, so programmers don't need to manually allocate or deallocate memory. This makes `std::vector` ideal for situations where the number of elements varies over time.