std::shared_ptr

`std::shared_ptr` is a smart pointer in C++ that manages shared ownership of a dynamically allocated object. Multiple `shared_ptr` instances can point to the same object, and the object remains alive as long as at least one `shared_ptr` owns it. When the last `shared_ptr` referencing the object is destroyed or reset, the object is automatically deallocated, preventing memory leaks. It simplifies memory management by handling reference counting internally, ensuring safe and efficient sharing of resources without manual delete operations.