state-trait anxiety theory

The state-trait anxiety theory distinguishes between two types of anxiety. "State anxiety" is a temporary feeling of nervousness or worry that arises in specific situations, like before a test or a speech. "Trait anxiety," on the other hand, is a characteristic of an individual—an enduring tendency to perceive situations as threatening and feel anxious more often. People with high trait anxiety are generally more prone to feel anxious across various contexts, whereas state anxiety varies depending on circumstances. This distinction helps us understand why some individuals are more consistently anxious than others.