Standard Gauge

Standard gauge is the widely used distance between the two rails of a railway track, measuring 4 feet 8.5 inches (1,435 millimeters). This consistent measurement allows trains to run smoothly across different railway networks without needing modifications. Established in the 19th century, standard gauge became the global norm because it optimized efficiency, safety, and interoperability of rail systems. Variations do exist, but most railroads worldwide use this standard, making it easier to share tracks, locate rolling stock, and develop infrastructure. Essentially, it is the "industry standard" measurement that ensures compatibility and seamless operation across rail networks.