square planar complexes

Square planar complexes are a type of molecular structure typical of certain metal atoms, especially transition metals. In these complexes, the metal atom is positioned at the center, with four surrounding atoms or groups arranged at the corners of a flat, four-sided shape called a square. This arrangement minimizes electrical repulsion and stabilizes the structure. The bonds between the central metal and the surrounding groups are often covalent, sharing electrons. Square planar geometry is common in metals like platinum and palladium, often influencing their chemical behavior, such as their ability to catalyze reactions or form complex compounds.