sputum

Sputum is a thick, mucus-like substance produced by the respiratory system, mainly in the lungs and airways. It helps trap dust, germs, and other particles from inhaled air, preventing irritation or infection. When you have a cough or respiratory illness, this mucus is expelled from the lungs through the mouth, often called phlegm or spit. Sputum can vary in color, thickness, and amount depending on the underlying condition, such as infections like bronchitis or pneumonia. Analyzing sputum can help healthcare providers diagnose respiratory problems and determine the appropriate treatment.