spoilage

Spoilage refers to the process where food or other perishable items deteriorate and become unsafe, unpleasant, or unusable. This happens due to natural factors like bacteria, molds, yeasts, or enzymes breaking down the food’s structure, producing bad odors, flavors, and textures. Environmental conditions such as warmth, moisture, and exposure to air accelerate spoilage. While some microorganisms are harmless, others can cause illness. Proper storage, refrigeration, and timely consumption help slow spoilage, maintaining food’s safety and quality for longer periods.