Spent fuel rods

Spent fuel rods are used fuel assemblies removed from a nuclear reactor after they've produced useful energy. Inside a reactor, uranium atoms split, releasing heat to generate electricity. Over time, the fuel becomes less efficient and radioactive, requiring removal. These used rods still contain radioactive material and residual heat, so they're stored carefully—initially in cooling pools to remove heat and reduce radiation. Eventually, they may be transferred to dry storage casks for long-term containment. Managing spent fuel is vital for safety and environmental protection, as it remains radioactive and potentially hazardous for many years.